𐐤𐐪𐑂𐐲𐑊

𐐂 𐑌𐐪𐑂𐐲𐑊 𐐮𐑆 𐐪 𐑉𐐯𐑊𐐲𐐻𐐮𐑂𐑊𐐨 𐑊𐐫𐑍 𐐶𐐲𐑉𐐿 𐐲𐑂 𐑌𐐯𐑉𐐲𐐻𐐮𐑂 𐑁𐐮𐐿𐑇𐐲𐑌, 𐑌𐐫𐑉𐑋𐐲𐑊𐐨 𐑉𐐮𐐻𐐲𐑌 𐐮𐑌 𐐹𐑉𐐬𐑆 𐑁𐐫𐑉𐑋, 𐐰𐑌𐐼 𐐸𐐶𐐮𐐽 𐐮𐑆 𐐻𐐮𐐹𐐮𐐿𐐲𐑊𐐨 𐐹𐐲𐐺𐑊𐐮𐑇𐐻 𐐰𐑆 𐐪 𐐺𐐳𐐿.

𐐜 𐐮𐑌𐐻𐐴𐐲𐑉 𐑈𐐪𐑌𐑉𐐲 𐐸𐐰𐑆 𐐺𐐮𐑌 𐑅𐐨𐑌 𐐰𐑆 𐐸𐐰𐑂𐐮𐑍 "𐐪 𐐿𐐲𐑌𐐻𐐮𐑌𐐷𐐭𐐲𐑅 𐐰𐑌𐐼 𐐿𐐪𐑋𐐹𐑉𐐲𐐸𐐯𐑌𐑅𐐮𐑂 𐐸𐐮𐑅𐐻𐐲𐑉𐐨 𐐲𐑂 𐐲𐐺𐐵𐐻 𐐻𐐭 𐑃𐐵𐑆𐐲𐑌𐐼 𐐷𐐮𐑉𐑆", 𐐶𐐮𐑄 𐐮𐐻𐑅 𐐫𐑉𐐮𐐾𐐮𐑌𐑆 𐐮𐑌 𐐿𐑊𐐰𐑅𐐮𐐿𐐲𐑊 𐐘𐑉𐐨𐑅 𐐰𐑌𐐼 𐐡𐐬𐑋, 𐐮𐑌 𐑋𐐨𐐼𐐨𐐨̈𐑂𐐲𐑊 𐐰𐑌𐐼 𐐲𐑉𐑊𐐨 𐑋𐐪𐐼𐐲𐑉𐑌 𐑉𐐬𐑋𐐰𐑌𐑅, 𐐰𐑌𐐼 𐐮𐑌 𐑄 𐐻𐑉𐐲𐐼𐐮𐑇𐐲𐑌 𐐲𐑂 𐑄 𐐆𐐻𐐰𐑊𐐷𐐲𐑌 𐑉𐐯𐑌𐐲𐑅𐐪𐑌𐑅 𐑌𐐪𐑂𐐯𐑊𐐲. (𐐝𐐮𐑌𐑅 𐑄 18𐑃 𐑅𐐯𐑌𐐽𐐲𐑉𐐨, 𐑄 𐐻𐐲𐑉𐑋 "𐑌𐐪𐑂𐐯𐑊𐐲", 𐐫𐑉 "novelle" 𐐮𐑌 𐐖𐐲𐑉𐑋𐐲𐑌, 𐐸𐐰𐑆 𐐺𐐮𐑌 𐐷𐐭𐑆𐐼 𐐮𐑌 𐐀𐑍𐑀𐑊𐐮𐑇 𐐰𐑌𐐼 𐐲𐑄𐐲𐑉 𐐏𐐳𐑉𐐲𐐹𐐨𐐲𐑌 𐑊𐐰𐑍𐑀𐐶𐐲𐐾𐐲𐑆 𐐻𐐭 𐐼𐐲𐑅𐐿𐑉𐐴𐐺 𐐪 𐑊𐐫𐑍 𐑇𐐫𐑉𐐻 𐑅𐐻𐐫𐑉𐐨 𐐫𐑉 𐐪 𐑇𐐫𐑉𐐻 𐑌𐐪𐑂𐐲𐑊.)

𐐣𐐲𐑉𐐲𐑆𐐪𐐿𐐨 𐐟𐐮𐐿𐐮𐐺𐐭'𐑅 𐐓𐐩𐑊 𐐲𐑂 𐐘𐐯𐑌𐐾𐐨 (1010) 𐐸𐐰𐑆 𐑅𐐲𐑋𐐻𐐴𐑋𐑆 𐐺𐐮𐑌 𐐼𐐲𐑅𐐿𐑉𐐴𐐺𐐼 𐐰𐑆 𐑄 𐐶𐐲𐑉𐑊𐐼'𐑆 𐑁𐐲𐑉𐑅𐐻 𐑌𐐪𐑂𐐲𐑊, 𐐺𐐲𐐻 𐑄𐐯𐑉 𐐮𐑆 𐐿𐐲𐑌𐑅𐐮𐐼𐐲𐑉𐐲𐐺𐐲𐑊 𐐼𐐲𐐺𐐩𐐻 𐐬𐑂𐐲𐑉 𐑄𐐮𐑅—𐑄𐐯𐑉 𐐶𐐲𐑉 𐑅𐐲𐑉𐐻𐐲𐑌𐑊𐐨 𐑊𐐫𐑍 𐑁𐐮𐐿𐑇𐐲𐑌𐐲𐑊 𐐶𐐲𐑉𐐿𐑅 𐑋𐐲𐐽 𐐲𐑉𐑊𐐨𐐲𐑉. 𐐝𐐹𐑉𐐯𐐼 𐐲𐑂 𐐹𐑉𐐮𐑌𐐻𐐲𐐼 𐐺𐐳𐐿𐑅 𐐮𐑌 𐐕𐐴𐑌𐐲 𐑊𐐯𐐼 𐐻𐐭 𐑄 𐐲𐐹𐐮𐑉𐐲𐑌𐑅 𐐲𐑂 𐐿𐑊𐐰𐑅𐐮𐐿𐐲𐑊 𐐕𐐴𐑌𐐨𐑆 𐑌𐐪𐑂𐐲𐑊𐑆 𐐺𐐴 𐑄 𐐣𐐮𐑍 𐐼𐐴𐑌𐐲𐑅𐐻𐐨 (1368–1644). 𐐑𐐯𐑉𐐲𐑊𐐯𐑊 𐐏𐐳𐑉𐐲𐐹𐐨𐐲𐑌 𐐼𐐲𐑂𐐯𐑊𐐲𐐹𐑋𐐲𐑌𐐻𐑅 𐐲𐐿𐐲𐑉𐐼 𐐰𐑁𐐻𐐲𐑉 𐑄 𐐮𐑌𐑂𐐯𐑌𐐽𐐲𐑌 𐐲𐑂 𐑄 𐐹𐑉𐐮𐑌𐐻𐐮𐑍 𐐹𐑉𐐯𐑅. 𐐣𐐮𐑀𐐯𐑊 𐐼𐐲 𐐝𐐲𐑉𐑂𐐰𐑌𐐻𐐨𐑅, 𐐫𐑃𐐲𐑉 𐐲𐑂 𐐔𐐪𐑌 𐐗𐐨𐐸𐐬𐐻𐐨 (𐑄 𐑁𐐲𐑉𐑅𐐻 𐐹𐐪𐑉𐐻 𐐲𐑂 𐐸𐐶𐐮𐐽 𐐶𐐲𐑆 𐐹𐐲𐐺𐑊𐐮𐑇𐐻 𐐮𐑌 1605), 𐐮𐑆 𐑁𐑉𐐨𐐿𐐶𐐲𐑌𐐻𐑊𐐨 𐑅𐐴𐐻𐐲𐐼 𐐰𐑆 𐑄 𐑁𐐲𐑉𐑅𐐻 𐑅𐐮𐑀𐑌𐐮𐑁𐐮𐐿𐐲𐑌𐐻 𐐏𐐳𐑉𐐲𐐹𐐨𐐲𐑌 𐑌𐐪𐑂𐐲𐑊𐐮𐑅𐐻 𐐲𐑂 𐑄 𐑋𐐪𐐼𐐲𐑉𐑌 𐐮𐑉𐐲. 𐐀𐐲𐑌 𐐎𐐪𐐻, 𐐮𐑌 𐐜 𐐡𐐴𐑆 𐐲𐑂 𐑄 𐐤𐐪𐑂𐐲𐑊 (1957), 𐑅𐐲𐑀𐐾𐐯𐑅𐐻𐐲𐐼 𐑄𐐰𐐻 𐑄 𐑋𐐪𐐼𐐲𐑉𐑌 𐑌𐐪𐑂𐐲𐑊 𐐶𐐲𐑆 𐐺𐐫𐑉𐑌 𐐮𐑌 𐑄 𐐲𐑉𐑊𐐨 18𐑃 𐑅𐐯𐑌𐐽𐐲𐑉𐐨.

𐐎𐐫𐑊𐐻𐐲𐑉 𐐝𐐿𐐪𐐻 𐑋𐐩𐐼 𐐪 𐐼𐐮𐑅𐐻𐐮𐑍𐐿𐑇𐐲𐑌 𐐺𐐲𐐻𐐶𐐨𐑌 𐑄 𐑌𐐪𐑂𐐲𐑊, 𐐮𐑌 𐐸𐐶𐐮𐐽 (𐐰𐑆 𐐸𐐨 𐑅𐐫 𐐮𐐻) "𐐮𐑂𐐯𐑌𐐻𐑅 𐐪𐑉 𐐲𐐿𐐪𐑋𐐲𐐼𐐩𐐻𐐲𐐼 𐐻𐐭 𐑄 𐐫𐑉𐐼𐐮𐑌𐐯𐑉𐐨 𐐻𐑉𐐩𐑌 𐐲𐑂 𐐸𐐷𐐭𐑋𐐲𐑌 𐐮𐑂𐐯𐑌𐐻𐑅 𐐰𐑌𐐼 𐑄 𐑋𐐪𐐼𐐲𐑉𐑌 𐑅𐐻𐐩𐐻 𐐲𐑂 𐑅𐐲𐑅𐐴𐐲𐐻𐐨" 𐐰𐑌𐐼 𐑄 𐑉𐐬𐑋𐐰𐑌𐑅, 𐐸𐐶𐐮𐐽 𐐸𐐨 𐐼𐐲𐑁𐐴𐑌𐐼 𐐰𐑆 "𐐪 𐑁𐐮𐐿𐐻𐐮𐑇𐐲𐑅 𐑌𐐯𐑉𐐲𐐻𐐮𐑂 𐐮𐑌 𐐹𐑉𐐬𐑆 𐐫𐑉 𐑂𐐲𐑉𐑅; 𐑄 𐐮𐑌𐐻𐐲𐑉𐐲𐑅𐐻 𐐲𐑂 𐐸𐐶𐐮𐐽 𐐻𐐲𐑉𐑌𐑆 𐐲𐐹𐐪𐑌 𐑋𐐪𐑉𐑂𐐲𐑊𐐲𐑅 𐐰𐑌𐐼 𐐲𐑌𐐿𐐪𐑋𐐲𐑌 𐐮𐑌𐑅𐐮𐐼𐐲𐑌𐐻𐑅". 𐐐𐐵𐐯𐑂𐐲𐑉, 𐑋𐐯𐑌𐐨 𐑅𐐲𐐽 𐑉𐐬𐑋𐐰𐑌𐑅𐐲𐑆, 𐐮𐑌𐐿𐑊𐐭𐐼𐐮𐑍 𐑄 𐐸𐐮𐑅𐐻𐐫𐑉𐐮𐐿𐐲𐑊 𐑉𐐬𐑋𐐰𐑌𐑅𐐲𐑆 𐐲𐑂 𐐝𐐿𐐪𐐻, 𐐇𐑋𐐮𐑊𐐨 𐐒𐑉𐐪𐑌𐐻𐐨'𐑆 𐐎𐐲𐑄𐐲𐑉𐐮𐑍 𐐐𐐴𐐻𐑅 𐐰𐑌𐐼 𐐐𐐲𐑉𐑋𐐲𐑌 𐐣𐐯𐑊𐑂𐐮𐑊'𐑆 𐐣𐐬𐐺𐐨-𐐔𐐮𐐿, 𐐪𐑉 𐐫𐑊𐑅𐐬 𐑁𐑉𐐨𐐿𐐶𐐲𐑌𐐻𐑊𐐨 𐐿𐐫𐑊𐐼 𐑌𐐪𐑂𐐲𐑊𐑆, 𐐰𐑌𐐼 𐐝𐐿𐐪𐐻 𐐼𐐲𐑅𐐿𐑉𐐴𐐺𐑆 𐑉𐐬𐑋𐐰𐑌𐑅 𐐰𐑆 𐐪 "𐐿𐐮𐑌𐐼𐑉𐐲𐐼 𐐻𐐲𐑉𐑋". 𐐜𐐮𐑅 𐑅𐐫𐑉𐐻 𐐲𐑂 𐑉𐐬𐑋𐐰𐑌𐑅 𐐮𐑆 𐐮𐑌 𐐻𐐲𐑉𐑌 𐐼𐐮𐑁𐐲𐑉𐐲𐑌𐐻 𐑁𐑉𐐲𐑋 𐑄 𐑈𐐪𐑌𐑉𐐲 𐑁𐐮𐐿𐑇𐐲𐑌 𐑊𐐲𐑂 𐑉𐐬𐑋𐐰𐑌𐑅 𐐫𐑉 𐑉𐐬𐑋𐐰𐑌𐑅 𐑌𐐪𐑂𐐲𐑊. 𐐊𐑄𐐲𐑉 𐐏𐐳𐑉𐐲𐐹𐐨𐐲𐑌 𐑊𐐰𐑍𐑀𐐶𐐲𐐾𐐲𐑆 𐐼𐐭 𐑌𐐪𐐻 𐐼𐐮𐑅𐐻𐐮𐑍𐑀𐐶𐐮𐑇 𐐺𐐲𐐻𐐶𐐨𐑌 𐑉𐐬𐑋𐐰𐑌𐑅 𐐰𐑌𐐼 𐑌𐐪𐑂𐐲𐑊: 𐐪 𐑌𐐪𐑂𐐲𐑊 𐐮𐑆 le roman, der Roman, il romanzo, en roman.

𐐢𐐨𐑌𐐿𐑅

• 𐐎𐐮𐐿𐐨𐐹𐐨𐐼𐐨𐐲 𐐪𐑉𐐻𐐮𐐿𐐲𐑊